Like Martin said, this is easy enough to test out. Let's use the Stack Overflow data dump as an example. If you want to download your own copy, head over here.
If we hit the Badges table with a scalar valued function with this definition:
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.ScalarFunction ( @uid INT )
RETURNS BIGINT
WITH RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT,
SCHEMABINDING
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @BCount BIGINT;
SELECT @BCount = COUNT_BIG(*)
FROM dbo.Badges AS b
WHERE b.UserId = @uid
GROUP BY b.UserId;
RETURN @BCount;
END;
GO
And then run a query that uses the scalar valued function:
SELECT TOP 1000 u.DisplayName,
dbo.ScalarFunction(u.Id)
FROM dbo.Users AS u;
The query plan looks like this.
And the STATS IO output looks like this:
Table 'Users'. Scan count 1, logical reads 76, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0.
And the plan XML looks the same:
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="1000" ActualRowsRead="1000" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="0" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="6" ActualCPUms="6" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="76" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
So even though we know our function hits the Badges table and does a bunch of work, none of it registers either in STATS IO or in the query plan. Scalar valued functions (and to a large degree MSTVFs) continue to black out performance counters in modern versions of SQL Server.
To compare, if we just run the function body like this for a single UserId
SELECT COUNT_BIG(*)
FROM dbo.Badges AS b
WHERE b.UserId = 22656
GROUP BY b.UserId;
The STATS IO output looks like this.
Table 'Badges'. Scan count 7, logical reads 107872, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0.
The plan looks like this.
And the plan XML looks like this.
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="0" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="0" ActualExecutions="0" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="0" ActualCPUms="0" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="2" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="1" ActualRows="2291" ActualRowsRead="2835393" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="93" ActualCPUms="93" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="17810" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="2" ActualRows="2193" ActualRowsRead="2839900" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="94" ActualCPUms="93" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="17810" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="3" ActualRows="2330" ActualRowsRead="2884732" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="94" ActualCPUms="94" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="18084" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="4" ActualRows="2134" ActualRowsRead="2835817" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="93" ActualCPUms="93" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="17810" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="5" ActualRows="2180" ActualRowsRead="2846565" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="93" ActualCPUms="93" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="17810" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
<RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="6" ActualRows="2472" ActualRowsRead="2964762" Batches="0" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" ActualExecutionMode="Row" ActualElapsedms="95" ActualCPUms="95" ActualScans="1" ActualLogicalReads="18546" ActualPhysicalReads="0" ActualReadAheads="0" ActualLobLogicalReads="0" ActualLobPhysicalReads="0" ActualLobReadAheads="0" />
Since we know that scalar valued functions run once per row, we can safely assume that none of the IO used by the scalar function show up in the query plan for the calling query. This goes for CPU and other resources, as well.