You should rename the sequence and then alter the default value for this column.
Let me generate an example:
create sequence tbl_id_seq;
create table tbl
(
id int default nextval('tbl_id_seq'),
f1 int,
f2 int
);
insert into tbl (f1, f2) values (1,2),(3,4),(5,6);
select * from tbl;
id | f1 | f2
-: | -: | -:
1 | 1 | 2
2 | 3 | 4
3 | 5 | 6
-- rename sequence
alter sequence tbl_id_seq rename to tbl_id_new_seq;
-- alter default value
alter table tbl alter column id set default nextval('tbl_id_new_seq');
-- restart sequence
alter sequence tbl_id_new_seq restart with 1;
-- check it by inserting new values
insert into tbl (f1, f2) values (1,2),(3,4),(5,6);
select * from tbl;
id | f1 | f2
-: | -: | -:
1 | 1 | 2
2 | 3 | 4
3 | 5 | 6
1 | 1 | 2
2 | 3 | 4
3 | 5 | 6
Now using \d tbl
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table "public.tbl" |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default |
+--------+---------+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------+
| id | integer | | | nextval('tbl_id_new_seq'::regclass' |
+--------+---------+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------+
| f1 | integer | | | |
+--------+---------+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------+
| f2 | integer | | | |
+--------+---------+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------+
And for \d tbl_id_new_seq
:
postgres=# \d tbl_id_new_seq;
Sequence "public.tbl_id_new_seq"
-[ RECORD 1 ]------------------
Type | bigint
Start | 1
Minimum | 1
Maximum | 9223372036854775807
Increment | 1
Cycles? | no
Cache | 1