Show rows with non-unique value in one field

Question

I'm familiar with how to aggregate rows as shown in this answer:

• Show only duplicate values

I'm also familiar with how to filter the aggregated results using a HAVING clause.

What I can't seem to grasp (so that it sticks) is how to filter rows based on values or comparisons other rows, without aggregating them.

I know the answer involves something about window functions or window clauses, and in fact I've done it successfully before. But it just doesn't seem to stick in my mind how it works; I feel I'm missing something fundamental.

To give an example, with the info:

 fruit_name | some_field 
------------+------------
 apple      |       3.25
 apple      |        6.8
 apple      |        0.7
 orange     |        2.6
 banana     |        3.5
 banana     |       2.49
 cherry     |          1
 grapefruit |        2.6
 grapefruit |        2.7

I want to get all rows with a row count (by fruit name) greater than 1, so it should look like:

 fruit_name | some_field 
------------+------------
 apple      |       3.25
 apple      |        6.8
 apple      |        0.7
 banana     |        3.5
 banana     |       2.49
 grapefruit |        2.6
 grapefruit |        2.7

What is the correct idiomatic way to do this?

(I'd like an SQL standard answer if possible, and if there's a simpler Postgres-specific way to do it I'd like to know that also.)

Answer 1

Select fruit_name, some_value
  From tooty_fruity      
  where fruit_name in (
    Select fruit_name from tooty_fruity
      Group by fruit_name
      having count(*) > 1)

Answer 2

You can use a simple INNER JOIN for this.

SELECT some_field, fruit_name
FROM tbl
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT fruit_name
  FROM tbl
  GROUP BY fruit_name
  HAVING count(*) > 1
) AS t
  USING (fruit_name);

Alternatively, you may like the array-syntax which is probably better for this kind of thing (certainly easier to use from the app)

SELECT fruit_name, ARRAY_AGG(some_field)
FROM tbl
GROUP BY fruit_name
HAVING count(*) > 1;

Answer 3

You can use a window function to count the number of fruit_names and then select those with a count greater than one:

SELECT fruit_name, some_field
FROM (
    SELECT fruit_name, some_field
         , COUNT(1) OVER (PARTITION BY fruit_name) as cnt
    FROM tbl
) AS T
WHERE cnt > 1