[...] all the read queries should return data from my secondary instances, but it didn't happen.
Readable secondary replicas can be read by either 1) directly connecting to them and running the queries, or 2) utilizing read only routing (ROR) to have new connections that meet the ROR criteria be transparently redirected to the secondary readable replica(s).
In your case it seems as you want #2. In order for that to occur, you'll need to satisfy the ROR criteria for clients which requires the use of:
- TCP/IP
- Listener used as server name
ApplicationIntent
set to ReadOnly
- Initial Database set to a database in the AG referenced by the Listener
It seems you have the requirements met from the server side, after properly setting the client configuration, read only routing should work.