I'm not thinking of using it for the partition function. I just want to know, if it is supported or not.
Don't tell me why it is not a good idea to use such columns on partitioned tables.
Yes.
Read about it here (Simple Talk), section "Identities in a partitioned table"
I would never tell you it is a not a good idea to use an IDENTITY column on a partitioned table.
Including an IDENTITY column in a partitioned table is supported.