You can use the available views in msdb to find the information regarding backups :
- dbo.backupset: provides information concerning the most-granular details of the backup process
dbo.backupmediafamily: provides metadata for the physical backup files as they relate to backup sets.
dbo.backupfile: this system view provides the most-granular information for the physical backup files
You can use below T-SQL code to list down all required info:
SELECT
CONVERT(CHAR(100), SERVERPROPERTY('Servername')) AS Server,
msdb.dbo.backupset.database_name,
msdb.dbo.backupset.backup_start_date,
msdb.dbo.backupset.backup_finish_date,
msdb.dbo.backupset.expiration_date,
CASE msdb..backupset.type
WHEN 'D' THEN 'Database'
WHEN 'L' THEN 'Log'
END AS backup_type,
msdb.dbo.backupset.backup_size,
msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily.logical_device_name,
msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily.physical_device_name,
msdb.dbo.backupset.name AS backupset_name,
msdb.dbo.backupset.description
FROM msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.backupset ON msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily.media_set_id = msdb.dbo.backupset.media_set_id
WHERE (CONVERT(datetime, msdb.dbo.backupset.backup_start_date, 102) >= GETDATE() - 1)
ORDER BY
msdb.dbo.backupset.database_name,
msdb.dbo.backupset.backup_finish_date