In case someone reads this article in the future, SQL Server 2008 R2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise (upgraded in-place) can and does use 64 GB RAM. Windows was patched last week and rebooted. After reboot: select counter_name, cntr_value<br> from master..sysperfinfo<br> where [object_name]='SQLServer:Buffer Manager'<br> and counter_name in ('Total pages','Target pages') Result: counter_name cntr_value<br> Total pages 7077888 <--54 GB Target pages 7077888 <--54 GB