If you are changing versions, *DO NOT MOVE THE mysql SCHEMA*. Why should you not move the mysql folder? It has to do with the authentication privileges. The number of columns in mysql.user is different from version to version If you run `desc mysql.user` - You will see 31 rows for MySQL 4.1 - You will see 37 rows for MySQL 5.0 - You will see 39 rows for MySQL 5.1 - You will see 42 rows for MySQL 5.5 I wrote about this before - http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/16397/cannot-grant-privileges-as-root/16441#16441 - http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/16215/mysql-users-deleted/16261#16261 It is OK to move everything else. On the new machine that has MySQL 5.5.24, do this: mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql55 mkdir /var/lib/mysql <scp or rsync /var/lib/mysql of MySQL 5.1.41 over to /var/lib.mysql of MySQL 5.5.24> rm -f /var/lib/mysql/mysql/* cp /var/lib/mysql/mysql55/* /var/lib/mysql/mysql/* chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql service mysql start So, the question remains: How do you move the User Privileges in the old MySQL 5.1.41 to MySQL 5.5.24 ??? There are two ways to do this starting on the MySQL 5.1.41 machine: ##METHOD #1 : Use [**pt-show-grants**][1] This Percona Toolkit program move print out the User Permission in Pure SQL. You could run the result output into a Text File. Then, execute the Text File in MySQL 5.5.24. End of Story. pt-show-grants ... > MySQLUserGrants.sql ##METHOD #2 : Emulate pt-show-grants I made my own technique for pt-show-grants mysql -hhostaddr -umyuserid -pmypassword --skip-column-names -A -e"SELECT CONCAT('SHOW GRANTS FOR ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') FROM mysql.user WHERE user<>''" | mysql -hhostaddr -umyuserid -pmypassword --skip-column-names -A | sed 's/$/;/g' > MySQLUserGrants.sql Either way, move MySQLUserGrants.sql over to the MySQL 5.5.24 machine and execute the script I wrote about this before : http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/11818/importing-myisam-5-0-database-into-a-5-5-innodb-server/11820#11820 [1]: http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.0/pt-show-grants.html