Check the MySQL error log.  It looks like trying to read table 44 is actually crashing the server.

"Lost connection to MySQL server during query" is (or should be) heart-stopping time for a MySQL DBA because it often means that whatever your query just did has actually crashed the server.  

The subsequent messages seem to bear this out:

    mysqldump: Got error: 2003: Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (10061) when
    trying to connect
    Operation failed with exitcode 2

A quick test of mysqldump on Windows 7 against a MySQL server *that is not running* returns exactly that same error and exits with `%ERRORLEVEL%` set to 2.  The nature of error 10061 can be found with [the `perror` utility][1]. 

    C:\>perror 10061
    Win32 error code 10061: No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.

...so, check the MySQL error log.  What's likely happening is that you're hitting corruption severe enough that in spite of `innodb_force_recovery`, the MySQL Server is crashing.  I will then usually restart on its own, but this takes time so may not complete before mysqldump gets an IP connection refused on the subsequent connection attempts.  This should all show up in the error log.

> I assume that when the dump does not yield any error, the table's data is non-corrupted.

Incorrect assumption.  If the dump does not yield any error, it could also mean that that `innodb_force_recovery` allowed the server to retrieve *some* of the data.  A "successful" dump of a table only means it's not corrupted so severely that `innodb_force_recovery` can't survive it.

>`1 (SRV_FORCE_IGNORE_CORRUPT)`

>Let the server run even if it detects a corrupt page. Try to make `SELECT * FROM tbl_name` jump over corrupt index records and pages, which helps in dumping tables.

><sup>http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html</sup>

Again, you should see chatter from InnoDB in the MySQL error log.

Final suggestion, don't use workbench.  Use the `mysql` command line client to explore the server schemata and use `mysqldump` directly from the command line to try to restore individual schemas or individual databases.

----

<b>update/additional:</b>

>how do you recover stored procedures? I get an error because they access corrupt tables

It shouldn't be because the procedures access corrupt tables, because stored procedures and functions aren't validated against their referenced tables in the way views are (drop a table that a view references, and then `SHOW CREATE VIEW` doesn't work -- the same isn't the case with procs or functions)... MySQL doesn't care whether tables referenced by stored procedures and functions even exist (except at runtime)... however, unlike view definitions, which are stored in individual files, the definitions of procedures and functions are stored in the `proc` table in the `mysql` schema, which is a MyISAM table... so I would expect that you'd see error messages referencing that table and `CHECK TABLE mysql.proc;` and [`REPAIR TABLE mysql.proc;`][2] might get you going again.  Note that the version of MySQL Server that you're using for your recovery needs to be the same release series (e.g. 5.5) or the table definition of `mysql.proc` will be wrong... that shouldn't be the issue here, since if I read the question correctly, the crashed server and the recovery server are both 5.5.31.

If you can `SELECT * FROM mysql.proc` then you can retrieve the definitions that way if for some reason the `SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE` statement doesn't work. 

>And what options for a (partial) rescue are there for the tables that yielded an error in the dumps?

It depends on the nature and scope of the errors encountered.  One option, [discussed here][3], involves repeated `INSERT ... SELECT ... LIMIT ... OFFSET`, extracting blocks of rows from readable pages into a MyISAM table (because you can't write to an InnoDB table while `innodb_force_recovery` is on).  There's also the [Percona Data Recovery Tool for InnoDB][4], though I have never had occasion to use it.



  [1]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/perror.html
  [2]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/repair-table.html
  [3]: http://www.mysqlperformanceblog.com/2008/07/04/recovering-innodb-table-corruption/
  [4]: http://www.percona.com/docs/wiki/innodb-data-recovery-tool:start