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Normalization is the process of organizing columns into tables within a relational database in such a way as to minimize redundancy and avoid insertion, update and deletion anomalies.

1 vote

If `AB->C` and `A->B` , `A->C`?

For each a in A, there's exactly one b in B because A->B. So given a, we get (a,b). And for each (a,b) there's exactly one c in C, since AB->C. So for each a in A there's exactly one c in C. So by de …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
14 votes
Accepted

Should stored financial transactions include some data redundancy?

It's quite common to store the results of calculations like this so you record the fact of the financial transaction, not what you think should have happened. Also because storing the results allows …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
4 votes

Does an excessive table violate normalization rules?

does the first example violate some known rule of database normalization or some other mathematical principle? Or is it just a case of poor design? Neither. … It has no obvious defects of either normalization or good design. It sensibly models the propositions like the following: There's a school named 'School1'. There's a ClubType named 'Spanish Club'. …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
2 votes

Why is it considered that a set unnormalizes a database absolutely?

“Normalized” just means the the model follows a standard convention for Relational Databases. It doesn’t mean that it’s better or worse. It’s simply the definition of what a Relational Database is t …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
1 vote

Weak Entities + Partial Keys + 2NF

In practice it's often not, but for the purposes of normalization it's just the trailing column of the primary key. …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
1 vote

JSON vs Record/Struct type in a DB

The answer goes way back to relational theory, and the idea that column values should always be scalars. Arrays, structs, and nested result sets can alternatively be modeled as separate tables, and n …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

What normalization rules does this table break

This is a terrible pattern, but it doesn't actually break any normalization rules. The reason is that it's actually a change in what you are modeling. …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
9 votes
Accepted

Alternatives to storing a record with exactly n multiple foreign keys from the same foreign ...

Are there official terms for this type of scenario? Yes. This is a Symmetric Relation. And "relation" here has the same meaning as in "Relational Database". An RDBMS is a database management s …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
0 votes
Accepted

Are functional depencies with boolean conditions a thing?

Because the relationship is not a functional dependency, splitting this relation wouldn't be a normalization. …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar
4 votes
Accepted

Does relational design discourage splitting tables unnecessarily?

Whether fixing other schema design problems counts as “Normalization” can be debated, but in general parlance Normalization just means ensuring the database complies with some Normal Form. …
David Browne - Microsoft's user avatar