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Try dumping using --hex-blob
mysqldump --hex-blob test_db test > dump_test.sql
mysqldump --hex-blob --no-create-info test_db test > dump_test2.sql
Please let us know if the hex value remains the same between the two dumps.
UPDATE 2021-01-08 14:15 EST
Try changing character set
The MySQL Docs say that mysqldump will use utf8 if not specified
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