RMAN is Short for Recovery Manager is an Oracle command line tool for doing backup, restore, and recovery operations. Also tag RMAN questions with the appropriate Oracle version tag.
rman or Recovery Manager is a CLI tool for performing backups and recoveries on an Oracle Database.
Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) is available as a command-line tool and can be accessed from Oracle Enterprise Manager. It simplifies the tasks of restoring a database from backups due to disk/hardware errors, user errors, and for managing replication. It supports restoring to a point in time, or tablespace, data file, or complete database recovery.
Recommended reading on rman basics: