How do you calculate mysql max_connections ?
What do you take into consideration ?
asked Feb 15, 2011 at 12:09
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2Good question, and I wanted to know the answer as well. Reading through this older blog about it: mysqlhacker.com/kabir/performance/…– Derek DowneyFeb 15, 2011 at 14:31
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3 Answers
Going to post this as an answer, with the relevant information. The basic formulas are:
Available RAM = Global Buffers + (Thread Buffers x max_connections)
max_connections = (Available RAM - Global Buffers) / Thread Buffers
To get the list of buffers and their values:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%buffer%';
Here's a list of the buffers and whether they're Global or Thread:
Global Buffers: key_buffer_size, innodb_buffer_pool_size, innodb_log_buffer_size, innodb_additional_mem_pool_size, net_buffer_size, query_cache_size
Thread Buffers: sort_buffer_size, myisam_sort_buffer_size, read_buffer_size, join_buffer_size, read_rnd_buffer_size, thread_stack
answered Feb 15, 2011 at 17:42
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2KCD provided this link as a max memory calculator: mysqlcalculator.com Apr 26, 2013 at 13:15
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1Derek, do you mean "Global buffers = SUM of all global buffers variables and Thread Buffers = sum of all thread buffers variables"?– MatFeb 27, 2017 at 21:04
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WARNING! This is from 2011 using MySQL 5.1.x. Use at your own risk
---- ORIGINAL POST ----
Here's another alternative formula in stored procedure form:
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE sproc_show_max_memory ( OUT max_memory DECIMAL(7,4))
BEGIN
SELECT ( @@key_buffer_size + @@query_cache_size + @@tmp_table_size + @@innodb_buffer_pool_size + @@innodb_additional_mem_pool_size + @@innodb_log_buffer_size + @@max_connections * ( @@read_buffer_size + @@read_rnd_buffer_size + @@sort_buffer_size + @@join_buffer_size + @@binlog_cache_size + @@thread_stack ) ) / 1073741824 AS MAX_MEMORY_GB INTO max_memory;
END//
DELIMITER ;
CALL sproc_show_max_memory(@show_max_memory);
SELECT @show_max_memory;
I’m assuming your using a MySQL database > version 5.1.x and you’re a privileged user. But you play with the max connections by inserting whatever number you want and see the results.
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2It's probably time to revisit this formula given all the changes in 5.5 and 5.6, but it's still kind of handy.– randomxAug 9, 2012 at 15:28
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I'm staring with number I'm getting from simple calulation: expected_number_of_requests_per_second * expected_average_request_processing_time * 2.
For later tuning, I'm always using monitoring system with historical data and trying to have 20% reserved in case of some peak. It's a bit more complex when you are using some connections pooling (which is usually a good idea) - then you need to monitor number of used connections in pool.
