Name is a 63 byte (varchar) type used for storing system identifiers.
Using psql you can get type information using \dT or \dT+
So for the name type:
# \dT name
List of data types
Schema | Name | Description
------------+------+---------------------------------------------
pg_catalog | name | 63-byte type for storing system identifiers
(1 row)
or
# \dT+ name
List of data types
Schema | Name | Internal name | Size | Elements | Owner | Access privileges | Description
------------+------+---------------+------+----------+----------+-------------------+---------------------------------------------
pg_catalog | name | name | 64 | | postgres | | 63-byte type for storing system identifiers
(1 row)